µ±Ç°: | Ê×Ò³ -> ´«Í³ÎÄ»¯ -> ¹Å´úËÄ´ó·¢Ã÷£º |
±±ËοÆѧ¼ÒÉòÀ¨£¬ÔÚ×ÔÈ»¿Æѧ·½ÃæÓкܶà½Ü³öµÄ¹±Ïס£ËûµÄ¡¶ÃÎϪ±Ê̸¡·ÖоÍÌáµ½Á˹ØÓÚÖ¸ÄÏÕëµÄÓ÷¨£¬ËûÔø¾×ö¹ýËÄÖÖÊÔÑ飺 ±±ËÎË®¸¡·¨Ö¸ÄÏÕë ±±ËÎÂÆÐü·¨Ö¸ÄÏÕë Ë®¸¡·¨¡ª¡ª°ÑÖ¸ÄÏÕë·ÅÔÚÓÐË®µÄÍëÀ..ÔĶÁÈ«ÎÄ¡ú
Õâ¾ÍÊǽü´ú»ð¼ýµÄ±Ç×æ »ð¼ýµÄ·¢Ã÷£¬Êǿռ似ÊõÊ·ÉϵÄÒ»¼þ´óÊ¡£ÎÒ¹ú¹Å´úÔÚ»ð¼ý¼¼Êõ·½Ã棬ҲÓйâ»ÔµÄÀúÊ·¡£ ÎÒ¹ú×î³õ·¢Ã÷µÄÓûðÒ©×öµÄ»ð¼ý£¬ÊÇ¿¿ÈËÁ¦Óù·¢Éä³öÈ¥µÄ¡£ºóÀ´£¬ÈËÃÇÓÖ·¢Ã÷Ö±½ÓÀûÓûðÒ©µÄÁ¦Á¿À´ÍÆ..ÔĶÁÈ«ÎÄ¡ú
¡¶ÂÜÐù±ä¹Å¼ãÆס· ¶àÉ«Ì×Ó¡¼°²ÊÉ«Ó¡Ë¢ Ó¡Ë¢Êõ·¢Ã÷ÒÔºó£¬Ò»Ð©Êé¼®Óëͼ»¶¼Óõ¥É«Ó¡Ë¢£¬Ò»°ã³£ÓúÚÉ«£¬ÓÐʱÓúìÉ«»òÀ¶É«£¬Ëæ×ÅÎÄ»¯µÄ·¢Õ¹£¬¶ÔӡˢƷµÄÒªÇóÔ½À´Ô½¸ß£¬±ã´´ÔìÁËÔÚÒ»ÕÅÖ½ÉÏÓ¡¼¸ÖÖÑÕÉ«µÄͼÊ飬..ÔĶÁÈ«ÎÄ¡ú
Ö¸ÄÏÕë¸ÅÊö Ö¸ÄÏÕëÊÇÓÃÒÔÅбð·½Î»µÄÒ»ÖÖ¼òµ¥ÒÇÆ÷¡£Ö¸ÄÏÕëµÄÇ°ÉíÊÇÖйú¹Å´úËÄ´ó·¢Ã÷Ö®Ò»µÄ˾ÄÏ¡£Ö÷Òª×é³É²¿·ÖÊÇÒ»¸ù×°ÔÚÖáÉÏ¿ÉÒÔ×ÔÓÉת¶¯µÄ´ÅÕë¡£´ÅÕëÔڵشų¡×÷ÓÃÏÂÄܱ£³ÖÔÚ´Å×ÓÎçÏßµÄÇÐÏß·½ÏòÉÏ¡£´ÅÕëµÄ±±¼«..ÔĶÁÈ«ÎÄ¡ú
?µñ°æÓ¡Ë¢Ò»°æÄÜÓ¡¼¸°Ù²¿ÉõÖÁ¼¸Ç§²¿Ê飬¶ÔÎÄ»¯µÄ´«²¥ÆðÁ˺ܴóµÄ×÷Ó㬵«ÊÇ¿Ì°å·Ñʱ·Ñ¹¤£¬´ó²¿Í·µÄÊéÍùÍùÒª»¨·Ñ¼¸ÄêµÄʱ¼ä£¬´æ·Å°æƬÓÖÒªÕ¼ÓúܴóµÄµØ·½£¬¶øÇÒ³£»áÒò±äÐΡ¢³æÖû¡¢¸¯Ê´¶øË𻵡£Ó¡Á¿ÉÙ¶ø²»ÐèÒªÖØÓ¡µÄ..ÔĶÁÈ«ÎÄ¡ú
ÖйúÔìÖ½Êõ´«²¥Äê´úʾÒâͼ ÔìÖ½ÊõÊ×ÏÈ´«ÈëÓëÎÒ¹úÅþÁڵij¯ÏʺÍÔ½ÄÏËæºó´«µ½ÁËÈÕ±¾¡£ÔÚ²ÌÂ׸ĽøÔìÖ½Êõºó²»¾Ã£¬³¯ÏʺÍÔ½ÄϾÍÓÐÁËÖ½ÕÅ¡£³¯Ïʰ뵺¸÷¹úÏȺó¶¼Ñ§»áÁËÔìÖ½µÄ¼¼Êõ¡£Ö½½¬Ö÷ÒªÓÉ´óÂé¡¢ÌÙÌõ¡¢Öñ×Ó¡¢Âó¸Ë..ÔĶÁÈ«ÎÄ¡ú
˾ÄÏ ºº´ú˾ÄÏ Ë¾ÄÏÊÇÎÒ¹ú´ºÇïÕ½¹úʱ´ú·¢Ã÷µÄÒ»ÖÖ×îÔçµÄָʾÄϱ±·½ÏòµÄÖ¸ÄÏÆ÷£¬»¹²»ÊÇÖ¸ÄÏÕë¡£ ÔçÔÚÁ½Ç§¶àÄêÇ°ºº£¨¹«ÔªÇ°206£¹«Ôª220Ä꣩£¬ÖйúÈ˾ͷ¢ÏÖɽÉϵÄÒ»ÖÖʯͷ¾ßÓÐÎüÌúµÄÉñÆæÌØÐÔ£¬²¢·¢ÏÖÒ»ÖÖ..ÔĶÁÈ«ÎÄ¡ú
Ö¸Äϳµ ¹Å´úÖ¸Äϳµ Ö¸Äϳµ£¬ÓÖ³Æ˾Äϳµ£¬ÊÇÖйú¹Å´úÓÃÀ´Ö¸Ê¾·½ÏòµÄÒ»ÖÖ»úеװÖá£ËüÀûÓòîËÙ³ÝÂÖÔÀí£¬ËüÓëÖ¸ÄÏÕëÀûÓõشÅЧӦ²»Í¬£¬ËüÊÇÀûÓóÝÂÖ´«¶¯ÏµÍ³£¬¸ù¾Ý³µÂÖµÄת¶¯£¬ÓɳµÉÏľÈËָʾ·½Ïò¡£²»ÂÛ³µ..ÔĶÁÈ«ÎÄ¡ú
ÎÒ¹ú¹Å´úµñ¿Ìľ°æµÄ×÷·» Ó¡Ë¢¹¤¾ß ÎÄ×ֵĵñ¿Ì¼¼Êõ Öйú¹Å´úµÄÎÄ×Öµñ¿Ì¼¼ÊõÀúÊ·ºÜ¾Ã£¬ÉÌ´úµÄ¼×¹ÇÎÄ£¬¾ÍÊÇÏÈд×Öºóµñ¿Ì¶ø³É¡£ ÇàÍÆ÷ÃúÎÄ£¬ÔÚ½½ÖýÇ°ÐèÒª¿ÌÖÆ×Ö·¶£¬ÕâÖÖ×Ö·¶µ±ÊÇ͹ÆðµÄ·´Ìå..ÔĶÁÈ«ÎÄ¡ú
Õ½¹úʱ´úµÄÖñ¼ò ¶«ººÓÀÔªÎåÄ꣨¹«Ôª93Ä꣩µÄľ¼ò Öйú¹Å´ú¡°Ð´¡±×ֵIJÄÁÏ£¬³ýÁ˼׹ÇÒÔÍ⣬»¹ÓÐÖñƬºÍľ°å¡£ Ê÷ľµ½´¦¶¼ÊÇ£¬Öñ×ÓÔÚÄÏ·½Ò²ºÜÆձ飬ÈËÃÇ°ÑËüÃÇÏ÷³ÉÒ»ÌõÌõÏÁ³¤¶øÓÖƽÕûµÄСƬƬ£¬..ÔĶÁÈ«ÎÄ¡ú
Å×ʯ»ú Å×ʯ»ú ×îÔçµÄ¡°ÅÚ¡± Á¶µ¤ÊõÊÇÒ»ÖÖ·½Êõ¡£ÔڹŴú£¬·½ÊõºÍ¾üÊÂÓÐ×ÅÃÜÇеĹØϵ£¬ÎÒ¹úÓÐЩ±øÊéÀï̸µ½·½Êõ£¬ÓÐЩ·½ÊõÊéÀïҲ̸µ½¾üÊ¡£»ðÒ©·¢Ã÷ÒÔºó£¬Á¶µ¤¼Ò¾Í°ÑËüÌṩ¸ø..ÔĶÁÈ«ÎÄ¡ú
Ö¸ÄÏÓã Ôª´úÖ¸ÄϹê Ö¸ÄÏÓ㣺ָÄÏÓãÊÇÖйú¹Å´úÓÃÓÚָʾ·½Î»ºÍ±æ±ð·½ÏòµÄÒ»ÖÖÆ÷е¡£ ±±ËÎʱºò£¬Å©Òµ¡¢ÊÖ¹¤ÒµºÍÉÌÒµ¶¼ÓÐÁËеķ¢Õ¹¡£ÔÚÕâ¸ö»ù´¡ÉÏ£¬ÎÒ¹úµÄ¿Æѧ¼¼Êõ»ñµÃ..ÔĶÁÈ«ÎÄ¡ú
½ðÊô»ðÆ÷µÄ·¢Ã÷ ±±ËÎÄ©Ä꣬½ð¾ü²»¶ÏÄÏÇÖ¡£ÔÚÕ½ÕùÖУ¬½ðÈËҲѧ»áÁËÖÆÔì»ðÒ©ºÍ»ðÒ©ÎäÆ÷µÄ·½·¨¡£ËνðË«·½¶¼²»¶Ï¸Ä½ø»ðÒ©ÎäÆ÷¡£µ½Ê®ÈýÊÀ¼Íʱ£¬ËνðË«·½¶¼¿ªÊ¼ÓýðÊôÖÆÔìµÄ»ðÒ©ÎäÆ÷À´´òÕÌ¡£ ..ÔĶÁÈ«ÎÄ¡ú
Ó¡Ë¢ÊõÔÚÑÇÖ޵Ĵ«²¥ ÖйúÊÇÓ¡Ë¢¼¼ÊõµÄ·¢Ã÷µØ£¬ºÜ¶à¹ú¼ÒµÄÓ¡Ë¢¼¼Êõ»òÊÇÓÉÎÒ¹ú´«È룬»òÊÇÓÉÓÚÊܵ½ÖйúµÄÓ°Ïì¶ø·¢Õ¹ÆðÀ´µÄ¡£ ÈÕ±¾ÊÇÔÚÖйúÖ®ºó×îÔç·¢Õ¹Ó¡Ë¢¼¼ÊõµÄ¹ú¼Ò£¬¹«Ôª8ÊÀ¼ÍÈÕ±¾¾Í¿ÉÒÔÓõñ°æÓ¡·ð¾ÁË¡£³¯Ïʵĵñ..ÔĶÁÈ«ÎÄ¡ú
´´ÖÆ»î×Ö°æµÄ±Ï•N µñ°æÓ¡Ë¢µÄÈ·ÊÇÒ»¸öΰ´óµÄ´´Ô죬µ«Ò²Óв»±ãÖ®´¦£ºÓ¡Ò»ÖÖÊé¾ÍµÃµñÒ»»Øľ°å£¬·Ñʱ·ÑÁ¦£¬ÎÞ·¨Ñ¸Ëٵء¢´óÁ¿µØÓ¡Ë¢Êé¼®£¬Ò»µ©ÕⲿÊé²»ÔÙÖØÓ¡£¬ÄǵñµÃºÃºÃµÄľ°å¾ÍÍêȫûÓÃÁË¡£ µ½ÁËʮһÊÀ¼ÍÖÐÒ..ÔĶÁÈ«ÎÄ¡ú
ÔìÖ½Êõ¼ò½é Ö½ÊÇÓÃÒÔÊéд¡¢Ó¡Ë¢¡¢»æ»»ò°ü×°µÈµÄƬ״ÏËάÖÆÆ·¡£Ò»°ãÓɾ¹ýÖƽ¬´¦ÀíµÄÖ²ÎïÏËάµÄË®Ðü¸¡Òº£¬ÔÚÍøÉϽ»´íµÄ×éºÏ£¬³õ²½ÍÑË®£¬ÔپѹËõ¡¢ºæ¸É¶ø³É¡£ÖйúÊÇÊÀ½çÉÏ×îÔç·¢Ã÷Ö½µÄ¹ú¼Ò¡£¸ù¾Ý¿¼¹Å·¢ÏÖ£¬..ÔĶÁÈ«ÎÄ¡ú
Ã÷´úº½º£Ë®ÂÞÅÌ ¸ù¾Ý¹ÅÊé¼ÇÔØ£¬×îÍíÔÚ±±ËÎʱºò£¬ÎÒ¹úÒѾÔÚº£´¬ÉÏÓ¦ÓÃÖ¸ÄÏÕëÁË¡£ ÎÒ¹úµÄº£ÉϽ»Í¨£¬ºÜÔç¾ÍÒѾ¿ªÊ¼ÁË¡£¶þǧ¶þ°ÙÄêÇ°£¬ÇØʼ»ÊΪÁËÑ°ÕÒÏÉÒ©£¬¾ÍÔøÅÉÈ˳Ë×Å´ó´¬´ó¹æÄ£µØº½º£ÁË¡£ÇغºÒÔºóÎÒ¹úµÄ..ÔĶÁÈ«ÎÄ¡ú
Ö½µÄ·¢Ã÷¡¢·¢Õ¹Ò²ÊǾ¹ýÁËÒ»¸öÇúÕ۵Ĺý³Ì¡£¹«Ôª105Äê·¢Ã÷ÔìÖ½ºó£¬ÔìÖ½Êõ¾Í´ÓºÓÄÏÏò¾¼ÃÎÄ»¯·¢´ïµÄÆäËüµØÇø´«²¥¡£²ÌÂ×±»·âµ½ÉÂÎ÷ÑóÏØΪÁúͤºî£¬ÔìÖ½Êõ¾Í´«µ½ººÖеØÇø²¢Öð½¥´«ÏòËÄ´¨¡£¾Ý²ÌÂ×¼ÒÏçºþÄÏñçÑôµÄ..ÔĶÁÈ«ÎÄ¡ú
»ðÒ©µÄ×î³õʹÓò¢·ÇÔÚ¾üÊÂÉÏ£¬¶øÊÇÔÚËδúÖî¾üÂíÏ·µÄÔÓ¼¼Ñݳö£¬ÒÔ¼°Ä¾Å¼Ï·ÖеÄÑÌ»ðÔÓ¼¼¡ª¡ªÒ©·¢¿þÀÜËδúÑݳö¡°±§Âࡱ¡¢¡°Ó²¹í¡±¡¢¡°ÑÆÒվ硱µÈÔÓ¼¼½ÚÄ¿£¬¶¼ÔËÓøոÕÐËÆðµÄ»ðÒ©ÖÆÆ·¡¸±¬ÕÌ¡¹ºÍ¡¸Í»𡹵ȣ¬ÒÔÖÆÔìÉñ..ÔĶÁÈ«ÎÄ¡ú
?ÔçÔÚ°Ë¡¢¾ÅÊÀ¼Íʱ£¬ºÍÒ½Ò©¡¢Á¶µ¤ÊõµÄ֪ʶһÆð£¬ÏõÒ²ÓÉÖйú´«µ½°¢À²®¡£µ±Ê±µÄ°¢À²®È˳ÆËüΪ¡°ÖйúÑ©¡±£¬¶ø²¨Ë¹È˳ÆËüΪ¡°ÖйúÑΡ±¡£ËûÃǽöÖªµÀÓÃÏõÀ´Öβ¢Ò±½ðºÍ×ö²£Á§¡£ ºÍÔìÖ½·¨µÄ´«²¥Í¾¾¶Ò»Ñù£¬»ðÒ©µÄÖÆÔì·½..ÔĶÁÈ«ÎÄ¡ú
»ðÒ©ÊÇÖйúËÄ´ó·¢Ã÷Ö®Ò»£¬ÈËÀàÎÄÃ÷Ê·ÉϵÄÒ»Ïî½Ü³öµÄ³É¾Í¡£ »ðÒ©×îÔçÓ¦ÓõÄÊÇÎÒ¹ú·¢Ã÷µÄºÚÉ«»ðÒ©£¬ËùÒÔ»ðÒ©ÓÖ±»³ÆΪºÚ»ðÒ©¡£ÊÇÔÚÊʵ±µÄÍâ½çÄÜÁ¿×÷ÓÃÏ£¬×ÔÉíÄܽøÐÐѸËÙ¶øÓйæÂɵÄȼÉÕ£¬Í¬Ê±Éú³É´óÁ¿¸ßÎÂȼÆøµÄÎï..ÔĶÁÈ«ÎÄ¡ú
Ó¡Ë¢ÊõÊÇÖйú¹Å´úËÄ´ó·¢Ã÷Ö®Ò»¡£Ëü¿ªÊ¼ÓÚË峯µÄµñ°æÓ¡Ë¢£¬¾ËÎÈÊ×ÚʱµÄ±ÏÉý·¢Õ¹¡¢ÍêÉÆ£¬²úÉúÁË»î×ÖÓ¡Ë¢£¬²¢ÓÉÃɹÅÈË´«ÖÁÁËÅ·ÖÞ£¬ËùÒÔºóÈ˳ƱÏÉýΪӡˢÊõµÄʼ×æ¡£ÖйúµÄÓ¡Ë¢ÊõÊÇÈËÀà½ü´úÎÄÃ÷µÄÏȵ¼£¬ÎªÖªÊ¶µÄ¹ã..ÔĶÁÈ«ÎÄ¡ú
ÄÚÈÝÌáÒª£º¶ÔÓÚÕâЩѧÕßÃǵĿ´·¨£¬±ÊÕß¾õµÃÓ¦¸ÃÉÌȶ¡ª¡ª¾ÍÊÇÊ×ÏÈÒªÔÚΪʲô»áÐγɹŴú¡°ËÄ´ó·¢Ã÷¡±ÕâÖÖ¹ÛÄҪȡµÃ¹²Ê¶£¬·ñÔò¸÷³Ö¼ºËµ£¬ÖÚ˵·×ç¡£¬·´¶ø¸ºÃæÓ°ÏìÁ˶ԹŴúÖйú¿Æ¼¼³É¾ÍµÄÆÀ¼ÛºÍ¿Ï¶¨¡£ 2006Äê12ÔÂ14..ÔĶÁÈ«ÎÄ¡ú
ÈËÃǶ¼ÖªµÀÔìÖ½Êõ¡¢Ó¡Ë¢Êõ¡¢»ðÒ©ºÍÖ¸ÄÏÕëÊÇÖйúµÄËÄ´ó·¢Ã÷¡£Òâ´óÀûÊýѧ¼Ò½ÜÂÞÄ·¡¤¿¨µ¤£¨CandanJerome£¬1501-1576£©ÓÚ1550Äê×îÔçÌá³ö´ÅÂÞÅÌ¡¢Ó¡Ë¢ÊõºÍ»ðÒ©ÊÇÖйúµÄÈý´ó·¢Ã÷£¬²¢ÈÏΪËüÃÇÊÇ¡°Õû¸ö¹Å´úûÓÐÄÜÓëÖ®ÏàÆ¥..ÔĶÁÈ«ÎÄ¡ú
ÖÐÊÀ¼ÍʱÆÚÊÖ³Ö»ðǹµÄÅ·ÖÞÆïÊ¿¡£ Ö¸ÄÏÕëµÄÎ÷´«´Ù½øÁËÈËÀàµÄµØÀí´ó·¢ÏÖ¡£ 1450Ä꣬µÂÒâÖ¾È˹ÅÌÚ±¤£¨ÓÒÒ»£©¸ÄÁ¼ÁËÖйúµÄ»î×ÖÓ¡Ë¢Êõ ÕÅΰ Ò»³¡Õ½Õù½«ÔìÖ½Êõ´øµ½Î÷·½Ð¡Ð¡Ö½ÅÆ°ïÓ¡Ë¢..ÔĶÁÈ«ÎÄ¡ú
2008Äê±±¾©°ÂÔ˻ῪĻʽÉÏ£¬Öйú¹Å´úËÄ´ó·¢Ã÷--»ðÒ©¡¢Ö¸ÄÏÕë¡¢ÔìÖ½¡¢Ó¡Ë¢Êõ³ÉÁË¿ªÄ»Ê½ÑݳöÖнéÉÜÖйúµÄÒ»´óÖ÷Ìâ¡£ ×÷ΪÖлªÃñ×å¶ÔÊÀ½çÎÄÃ÷µÄΰ´ó¹±Ï×£¬ËÄ´ó·¢Ã÷Éî¿ÌÓ°ÏìÁËÊÀ½çÎÄÃ÷µÄ½ø³Ì¡£¼¸Ç§Äê¹ýÈ¥ÁË£¬Èç½ñÕâ..ÔĶÁÈ«ÎÄ¡ú
Î÷ººå±ÇÅÖ½ ¸ÊËàÌìË®³öÍÁµÄÎ÷ººÔçÆÚµÄÖ½ å±ÇÅÖ½ å±ÇÅÖ½ÊÇÔÚÎ÷ººÊ±ÆÚµÄÒ»ÖÖÖ½¡£1957Äê5ÔÂ8ÈÕ£¬ÔÚÎ÷°²¶«½¼å±ÇÅשÍß³§ÔÚÈ¡ÍÁʱ£¬·¢ÏÖÁËÒ»×ù²»ÍíÓÚÎ÷ººÎäµÛʱ´úµÄÍÁÊÒĹÔᣬĹÖÐһöÇà;µÉÏ£¬µæ³Ä×ÅÂéÀàÏËά..ÔĶÁÈ«ÎÄ¡ú
Ãç×å,êôÔà½Ú,¹ÄÉç,«óÏÎè,¼À×æ,ÉÙÊýÃñ×å,½ÚÈÕÃç×åêôÔà½ÚÃç×åêôÔà½ÚÃç×å½ÚÈÕ ÔĶÁÈ«ÎÄ¡ú
¼ÀÁú½Ú¼ÀÁúÒÇʽµÄÍ·Á½Ì죬°×ɳ´åµÄÄÐÅ®ÀÏÉÙ¾ÍæµÆðÀ´£º×¼±¸¼ÀìëÓõÄÖí£¬µ£Ë®¡¢ÞÛËÉÕë¡¢´ò²ñ¡¢ÔúÖ½Áú£¬Í¬Ê±»¹ÒªÅÅÁ·¼ÀÁúµÄ¸èÎ裬ÂäʵÉÕ»ð¡¢É±Öí¡¢½Ó¿ÍµÈ²»Í¬·Ö¹¤¡£¼ÀÁúÕâÌ죬ȫ´åÅ©ÏУ¬ÄÐÅ®³¤Ó×£¬Éí×ÅÃñ×åÊ¢×°£¬´ÓËÄÃæ°Ë·½Ïò¿ªÀ«µÄ¼À.. ÔĶÁÈ«ÎÄ¡ú
ÒÍ×åÎåÔ³õÎå¡°¶¼Ñô½Ú¡±ÎåÔ³õÎå¡°¶¼Ñô½Ú¡±ÒÍ×å½ÚÈÕ ÔĶÁÈ«ÎÄ¡ú
ÒÍ×å¡°¶þÔ°ˡ±£¬ÒÍ×å¼À×æ½Ú¡°¶þÔ°ˡ±£¬ÒÍ×å¼À×æ½ÚÒÍ×å½ÚÈÕ ÔĶÁÈ«ÎÄ¡ú
ÒÍ×å¼À¹¬½Ú£¨Ìø¹¬½Ú£©¼À¹¬½Ú£¨Ìø¹¬½Ú£©ÒÍ×å½ÚÈÕ ÔĶÁÈ«ÎÄ¡ú
ÒÍ×åÃþÄ̽ÚÒÍ×åÃþÄ̽Ú̽ÃØÒÍ×åÃþÄ̽Ú(ͼ)̽ÃØÒÍ×åÃþÄ̽Ú(ͼ)ÒÍ×å½ÚÈÕ ÔĶÁÈ«ÎÄ¡ú